Malaysia’s leadership in ASEAN: Paving the path to 2025 and Beyond
2025 promises to be a milestone year for Malaysia as it takes on the role of hosting the esteemed ASEAN Summit. Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim has expressed strong confidence in the country’s capacity to organize a top-tier event, highlighting the critical role of strong cooperation among all parties to guarantee an exceptional experience for attendees. During a recent national steering committee meeting at Parliament, he highlighted the detailed preparations being conducted across various ministries and government agencies.
This vision earned a nod by from fellow ministers like Fahmi Fadzil,the Minister of Communications, who highlighted Malaysia’s commitment to regional cooperation and unified online safety regulations. Fahmi called for collective efforts to create a more integrated and resilient ASEAN, promoting innovative regulatory measures for a secure future. Indonesia’s pledge of strong support for Malaysia’s upcoming role as ASEAN chair in 2025, especially in addressing the Myanmar crisis, reflects a high level of confidence among ASEAN countries in Malaysia’s leadership.
Nevertheless, amidst the challenges ahead lie numerous pressing issues and emerging agendas that demand attention and prioritization in forthcoming dialogues. This urgency prompted The Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations (IDFR) Malaysia to convene a pivotal forum titled ‘The Future of ASEAN Under Malaysia’s Chairmanship’ on July 11, 2024. The event drew participation from a spectrum of stakeholders including representatives from local think tanks, academic institutions, NGOs, and policymakers. This gathering aimed to catalyze insightful discussions and forge actionable recommendations, poised to shape ASEAN’s trajectory under Malaysia’s chairmanship, while specifically advancing the nation’s strategic interests on the regional stage.
The panelists of the forum are all distinguished figures with apt knowledge and experience in ASEAN affairs, each share a common thread of deep expertise in ASEAN and international diplomacy. Dr. Sufian Jusoh, a Director and Professor at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, is known for his work in ASEAN economic integration and investment law reforms. Professor Dr. Ruhanas Harun, from the National Defence University of Malaysia, has a rich background in foreign policy and national security, with experience teaching globally. Dato Dr. Ilango Karuppannan, a retired diplomat and adjunct professor at Universiti Malaya, brings extensive diplomatic experience. All three panelists are distinguished figures contributing significantly to the fields of ASEAN studies and international relations.
As Malaysia gears up to take the helm of ASEAN, each panelist provided profound insights into shaping the region’s future. Dr. Sufian Jusoh underscored Malaysia’s pivotal role, citing milestones like the establishment of the ASEAN Vision in 2015, a cornerstone for regional unity and economic cooperation. Emphasizing Malaysia’s standing as ASEAN’s 5th largest export destination and a vital hub for services like banking and education, he highlighted the nation’s resilience and strategic influence.
However, challenges lie ahead. Looking ahead to the next two decades demands foresight to align national interests with ASEAN’s evolving agenda. Dr. Ruhanas Harun stressed the urgency of addressing non-traditional security threats such as human trafficking, terrorism, and cybersecurity. Despite these challenges, ASEAN remains a pillar of regional stability, bolstered by Malaysia’s ongoing commitment to collaborative security frameworks and diplomatic initiatives.
Dato Dr. Ilango Karuppanan echoed these sentiments, emphasizing Malaysia’s intricate role in mediating regional disputes, particularly the South China Sea conflict. As a claimant state, Malaysia navigates complex diplomatic terrain, advocating the concept of “ZOPFAN 2.0”, which could be a forward-looking initiative, adapting the original principles of ZOPFAN to address contemporary challenges, to ensure lasting stability, and to build trust among ASEAN members.
The panel emphasized the necessity for a renewed approach to the South China Sea Code of Conduct, advocating inclusive dialogues that uphold ASEAN’s unity. Looking ahead, Malaysia’s upcoming chairmanship offers an opportunity to build on past achievements and tackle emerging challenges. Recommendations from the forum included enhancing public engagement and involving non-governmental expertise in ASEAN affairs. Dr. Sufian Jusoh stressed the importance of bridging the gap between policymaking and public understanding to garner widespread support for ASEAN initiatives across various sectors.
Addressing non-traditional security threats remains paramount in ASEAN’s agenda. Dr. Ruhanas Harun emphasized the urgent need for sustained regional cooperation to combat issues such as cybersecurity and environmental sustainability, which are crucial for ASEAN’s long-term resilience. Malaysia’s upcoming leadership presents an opportunity to spearhead collaborative efforts in these critical areas, paving the way for a more secure and sustainable future.
Dato Dr. Ilango Karuppanan underscored the significance of strategic diplomacy in navigating ASEAN’s disputes, advocating for adherence to ASEAN’s foundational principles while adapting to contemporary challenges. Malaysia’s role in mediating regional conflicts underscores its commitment to stability and cooperation within the region. The forum stressed the importance of inclusive and transparent dialogues, ensuring ASEAN’s collective interests are protected amid complex geopolitical dynamics.
Malaysia’s chairmanship of ASEAN signifies a pivotal moment for regional integration and stability. By building on past achievements, addressing current challenges head-on, and charting a proactive path forward, Malaysia is poised to lead ASEAN towards enhanced resilience and prosperity. Insights from the panelists underscore Malaysia’s diverse contributions to ASEAN, advocating for inclusive growth, sustainable development, and peace amid diversity.
As Malaysia assumes leadership, the region anticipates a future characterized by cooperation, innovation, and shared prosperity under ASEAN’s collective framework. The forum’s deliberations have laid out a roadmap for Malaysia’s chairmanship, emphasizing strategic foresight, inclusive governance, and regional solidarity in navigating the complexities of a rapidly evolving global landscape.
Dr Maszsyuhada Maszri is a researcher at the International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies.